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    AI Act

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    The EU Publishes the Code of Practice on Transparency of AI-Generated Content

    by Stefania Attolini 10 juin 2026

    Code of Practice on Transparency of AI-Generated Content

    On 10 June 2026, the European Commission published the final Code of Practice on Transparency of AI-Generated Content, a voluntary instrument designed to help providers and deployers of generative AI systems comply with the transparency obligations established by the EU AI Act. These obligations will start to apply on 2 August 2026.

    The Code addresses one of the most pressing challenges raised by generative AI: how to ensure that citizens can recognise when content has been created or manipulated by artificial intelligence. As synthetic text, images, audio and video become increasingly sophisticated, transparency is emerging as a key tool for preserving trust in the information ecosystem and reducing the risks of misinformation, manipulation and deception.

    The document is divided into two sections:

    • The first concerns providers of generative AI systems and explains how AI-generated or AI-manipulated content should be marked and made detectable. The Code is structured around four core commitments concerning the marking of AI-generated content, the provision of detection mechanisms, compliance with quality requirements such as effectiveness, reliability, robustness and interoperability, and the establishment of testing and compliance procedures. To this end, it promotes a multi-layered approach based on machine-readable metadata, watermarking techniques and detection mechanisms capable of identifying synthetic content.
    • The second section focuses on deployers of AI systems, clarifying their obligations to label deepfakes and AI-generated or AI-manipulated content published on matters of public interest. The objective is to guarantee that users receive clear information when interacting with synthetic content and can make informed decisions about its reliability.

    Although voluntary, the Code is likely to play an important role in the implementation of the AI Act. Once approved by the European Commission and the AI Board, adherence to the Code may help organisations demonstrate compliance with the transparency requirements set out in Article 50 AI Act.

    Beyond its practical relevance, the initiative reflects the broader European approach to AI governance: promoting innovation while ensuring accountability, transparency and the protection of fundamental rights. In this respect, the Code represents another significant step towards the development of a trustworthy and human-centric AI ecosystem in Europe.

    The publication of the Code does not conclude the implementation process. The European Commission has announced that the Code will be complemented by forthcoming Guidelines on the transparency obligations under Article 50 of the AI Act. These Guidelines are expected to clarify the scope of the legal requirements, address issues not covered by the Code, and provide practical guidance for providers and deployers. Their publication will be particularly important in resolving interpretative questions concerning the notions of AI-generated and AI-manipulated content, the disclosure obligations applicable to deepfakes, and the relationship between transparency requirements and editorial control. As such, the Code should be viewed as an important first step within a broader regulatory framework that is still evolving.

     

    10 juin 2026
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    ActualitésApprofondissements

    Magnifica Humanitas: Artificial Intelligence as a New Social Question

    by Stefania Attolini 1 juin 2026

    Read the Magnifica Humanitas (here)

    With the publication of Magnifica Humanitas (15 May 2026), Pope Leo XIV has placed artificial intelligence at the centre of the Catholic Church’s social reflection. Following the tradition inaugurated by Rerum novarum and developed through the major social encyclicals of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, the new document addresses AI not merely as a technological innovation but as a phenomenon capable of reshaping work, democracy, human relationships and the understanding of human dignity itself.

    What makes Magnifica Humanitas particularly noteworthy is its attempt to frame artificial intelligence as a new social question. The encyclical calls for technological development to remain at the service of the human person and warns against forms of technological power that risk reducing individuals to data, predictions and measurable performance. At the same time, it highlights the need for responsibility, transparency, human oversight and international cooperation in the governance of emerging technologies.

    The document also contributes to a broader global debate that extends far beyond religious communities. Many of the concerns expressed by Pope Leo XIV resonate with principles increasingly found in international instruments on AI ethics and regulation, including human dignity, accountability, non-discrimination and the preservation of meaningful human control over automated systems.

    The publication of Magnifica Humanitas invites a deeper and more careful assessment of its potential significance and long-term implications. Beyond its immediate theological and ethical reflections, the document raises important questions concerning the governance of artificial intelligence, the role of human dignity in technological development, and the contribution of religious actors to global normative debates. Its broader impact on legal, political and institutional discussions surrounding emerging technologies will likely become clearer in the years ahead and deserves sustained scholarly attention.

    Looking ahead, the publication of Magnifica Humanitas is likely to stimulate further discussion among legal scholars, policymakers and technology experts about the ethical and institutional foundations of AI governance. Its reflections invite a broader conversation on how emerging technologies can be aligned with human dignity, social justice and the common good in an increasingly interconnected world.

     

    Magnifica Humanitas et la gouvernance mondiale de l’intelligence artificielle

    Avec la publication de Magnifica Humanitas (15 mai 2026), le pape Léon XIV place l’intelligence artificielle au cœur de la réflexion sociale de l’Église catholique. S’inscrivant dans la tradition inaugurée par Rerum novarum et développée par les grandes encycliques sociales des XXe et XXIe siècles, ce nouveau texte aborde l’IA non pas comme une simple innovation technologique, mais comme un phénomène susceptible de transformer le travail, la démocratie, les relations humaines et la compréhension même de la dignité humaine.

    L’un des aspects les plus remarquables de Magnifica Humanitas réside dans sa volonté de présenter l’intelligence artificielle comme une nouvelle question sociale. L’encyclique affirme que le développement technologique doit demeurer au service de la personne humaine et met en garde contre les formes de pouvoir technologique qui risquent de réduire les individus à des données, à des prédictions ou à des performances mesurables. Elle souligne également la nécessité de promouvoir la responsabilité, la transparence, le contrôle humain et la coopération internationale dans la gouvernance des technologies émergentes.

    Le document contribue également à un débat mondial qui dépasse largement les communautés religieuses. Nombre des préoccupations exprimées par Léon XIV rejoignent des principes de plus en plus présents dans les instruments internationaux consacrés à l’éthique et à la régulation de l’intelligence artificielle, notamment la dignité humaine, la responsabilité, la non-discrimination et la préservation d’un contrôle humain significatif sur les systèmes automatisés.

    La publication de Magnifica Humanitas invite à une réflexion plus approfondie sur sa portée et ses implications à long terme. Au-delà de ses dimensions théologiques et éthiques immédiates, le document soulève d’importantes questions relatives à la gouvernance de l’intelligence artificielle, au rôle de la dignité humaine dans le développement technologique et à la contribution des acteurs religieux aux débats normatifs mondiaux. Son influence sur les discussions juridiques, politiques et institutionnelles concernant les technologies émergentes se révélera probablement plus clairement dans les années à venir et mérite une attention scientifique soutenue.

    À l’avenir, Magnifica Humanitas devrait nourrir les réflexions des juristes, des décideurs publics et des experts des technologies sur les fondements éthiques et institutionnels de la gouvernance de l’intelligence artificielle. Ses analyses invitent à une réflexion plus large sur les conditions permettant d’orienter les technologies émergentes vers la dignité humaine, la justice sociale et le bien commun dans un monde toujours plus interconnecté.

     

    Magnifica Humanitas e la governance globale dell’intelligenza artificiale

    Con la pubblicazione della Magnifica Humanitas (15 maggio 2026), Papa Leone XIV ha posto l’intelligenza artificiale al centro della riflessione sociale della Chiesa cattolica. Inserendosi nella tradizione inaugurata dalla Rerum novarum e sviluppata attraverso le grandi encicliche sociali del XX e XXI secolo, il nuovo documento affronta l’IA non come una semplice innovazione tecnologica, ma come un fenomeno capace di trasformare il lavoro, la democrazia, le relazioni umane e la stessa comprensione della dignità della persona.

    Ciò che rende particolarmente significativa la Magnifica Humanitas è il tentativo di configurare l’intelligenza artificiale come una nuova questione sociale. L’enciclica richiama l’esigenza che lo sviluppo tecnologico rimanga al servizio della persona umana e mette in guardia contro forme di potere tecnologico che rischiano di ridurre gli individui a dati, previsioni e prestazioni misurabili. Al tempo stesso, sottolinea la necessità di promuovere responsabilità, trasparenza, supervisione umana e cooperazione internazionale nella governance delle tecnologie emergenti.

    Il documento contribuisce inoltre a un dibattito globale che va ben oltre le comunità religiose. Molte delle preoccupazioni espresse da Leone XIV trovano riscontro nei principi sempre più presenti negli strumenti internazionali dedicati all’etica e alla regolazione dell’intelligenza artificiale, tra cui la dignità umana, la responsabilità, la non discriminazione e la salvaguardia di un controllo umano significativo sui sistemi automatizzati.

    La pubblicazione della Magnifica Humanitas invita a una riflessione più approfondita sul suo significato e sulle sue implicazioni di lungo periodo. Al di là delle sue immediate dimensioni teologiche ed etiche, il documento solleva importanti interrogativi riguardanti la governance dell’intelligenza artificiale, il ruolo della dignità umana nello sviluppo tecnologico e il contributo degli attori religiosi ai dibattiti normativi globali. Il suo impatto sulle discussioni giuridiche, politiche e istituzionali relative alle tecnologie emergenti emergerà probabilmente con maggiore chiarezza negli anni a venire e merita un’attenzione scientifica costante.

    Guardando al futuro, la Magnifica Humanitas è destinata a stimolare ulteriori riflessioni tra studiosi del diritto, decisori pubblici ed esperti di tecnologia sui fondamenti etici e istituzionali della governance dell’intelligenza artificiale. Le sue considerazioni invitano a una più ampia discussione su come orientare le tecnologie emergenti verso la tutela della dignità umana, della giustizia sociale e del bene comune in un mondo sempre più interconnesso.

    1 juin 2026
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    ActualitésApprofondissements

    Artificial Intelligence and the Rise of Europe’s Regulatory Power

    by Stefania Attolini 28 mai 2026

    Artificial intelligence is no longer merely a technological issue: it has become a constitutional, economic, and geopolitical one.

    With the AI Act, the European Union is attempting to build the world’s first comprehensive legal framework for AI regulation, based on a risk-oriented approach aimed at balancing innovation, fundamental rights protection, and security.

    In doing so, Europe is pursuing a path distinct from both the American and Chinese models: neither complete deregulation nor centralized state control.

    One crucial question nevertheless remains open:
    👉 can the EU transform its “regulatory power” into genuine technological leadership?

    Here is the official European Commission overview of the AI Act:
    AI Act – European Commission

    28 mai 2026
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    Stefania Attolini, Ph.D

    Juriste et chercheuse en droit de l’Union européenne, spécialisée dans les enjeux juridiques de la transition numérique et verte, la démocratie environnementale et la gouvernance des données.

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